(Ahhhhhh–so nice!)Įndings…okay, so what do those 1st/2nd declension endings get tacked onto in order to make the complete Past Passive Participle? They get stuck to the base of the “4th Principal Part” of the verb you want to be using. In any Latin passage you pick up, you will likely be seeing a lot of Past Passive Participles, which are nice forms for two reasons: 1) they are a form explicitly listed in the dictionary entry of each verb, and 2) they are declined like 1st/2nd Declension nouns with those exact same endings. “ having been loved, having been seen, having been said, having been heard“ Now, on to those participles! #1: AMATUS, VISUS, DICTUS, AUDITUS Just remember for now that in Latin time is somewhat relative.

) But that will come up further on in your Latin studies. (I.e., past, present or future to that verb. So translating the participle tense means indicating whether what the participle is talking about happens before, during, or after the time of the action of main verb. With participles, the “past, present, and future” time ideas are going to depend on the time of the main action of the sentence. You will see time (tense) words in the participle names– past, present, and future–but it’s not exactly what you think. One more thing before we dive into the three kinds of verbal adjectives: tense. When the subject of the verb is not doing the action of the verb but is only affected by the action of the verb, the action (verb) is in the passive voice.

When the subject of the verb is doing the action of the verb, the action (verb) is in the active voice. Passive: She was liked.Īctive: It had needed. But let’s first remind ourselves about what “passive” and “active” mean in a grammatical context.Ī verb like “look” in English is in the active voice when we say “ He looks” and it is in the passive voice when we say “ He is looked at.” More examples:Īctive: She liked.

Present active participle latin endings